A guide to oligonucleotide chemistry
What oligonucleotides are, how DNA and RNA are built from nucleotides, and why the phosphodiester backbone matters for the medicines being designed on Discovery AI.
Guides, calculators and a glossary for the science behind RNA and DNA medicine.
Built by our chemists for researchers, designers and the next generation of RNA innovators. Explore long form guides, interactive calculators, a glossary of the field and a curated library of the papers that built it. The hub is both a genuine resource for the field and the way new researchers discover Syngenis.


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A curated library of the landmark papers behind RNA and DNA medicine, each with a plain language summary.
Explore the libraryWhat oligonucleotides are, how DNA and RNA are built from nucleotides, and why the phosphodiester backbone matters for the medicines being designed on Discovery AI.
How antisense oligonucleotides silence or reshape a gene's message, the difference between gapmers and splice switchers, and the chemistry that makes them work in patients.
How small interfering RNAs use the cell's own RNA interference machinery, what makes one siRNA more potent and specific than another, and how GalNAc delivery reaches the liver.
The modifications that turn a fragile strand into a medicine: phosphorothioate backbones, two prime sugar chemistries, locked nucleic acids and morpholinos, and when to reach for each.
Paste a DNA or RNA sequence and instantly see length, GC content, melting temperature, molecular weight, extinction coefficient and OD conversions.
Work out how much buffer to add to a lyophilised oligo to reach the stock concentration you want, in micromolar or nanograms per microlitre.
Built by our chemists for researchers, designers and the next generation of RNA innovators. New guides, calculators and references are added over time.